Analysis of pre-heated crude palm oil,palm oil methyl ester and its blends as fuel in a diesel engine

Diesel engines are widely used in the surface transport system. They are the main source of economic growth of a nation. Nowadays, awareness of the environment compels people to adopt stringent emission norms. The rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the increase in the emission levels have caused concerns globally. An eco-friendly alternate is required to fulfil the growing demand. This paper focuses on alternate fuels and the importance of choosing palm oil. The energy density and higher cetane number are its major advantages. Also it reduces environmental pollution drastically. The viscosity of palm oil is a problem like other vegetable oils, which affects the fuel spray pattern. It reduces the efficiency of the combustion to a large extent. To overcome the problem, the pre-heating technique and transesterification process are adopted in this work. Performance tests were conducted on a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection diesel engine coupled with eddy current dynamometer, and emission was monitored using an AVL exhaust gas analyser. The results indicated that vegetable oil fuels have lower brake thermal efficiency compared to that of diesel. Pre-heated oil and methyl ester showed an appreciable reduction in hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and higher exhaust temperature and nitric oxide (NO_x) emission.     

丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的制备及性能研究

用自制的马来酸单胺型可聚合乳化剂制备丙烯酸酯无皂乳液,研究了乳化剂用量及固含量对乳液性能的影响,并考查了聚合物乳液的表面张力、耐水性和抗电解质稳定性,用粒度分析仪、红外、DSC对聚合物乳液进行表征.结果表明,与传统乳液聚合相比,所合成的胶乳耐电解质、耐水性都有明显改善,乳液的Tg为26.41℃.     

水乳型丙烯酸酯类阻燃涂料的合成与性能

采用乳液聚合的方法合成了一种以TBPMI为阻燃剂的水乳型丙烯酸酯阻燃涂料,并对该涂料的硬度、附着力、耐热性和阻燃性进行了测试分析。研究结果表明,该涂料的耐热阻燃性能优异,热分解温度达到340～375℃,有着可观的经济价值和应用前景。     

丙烯酸建筑密封膏

介绍了一种水性丙烯酸密封膏的原材料选择、配方、生产工艺及技术性能。     

建筑防水涂料用硅丙乳液的制备与性能

介绍了有机无机复合建筑防水涂料用硅丙乳液的研制背景、制备方法及主要性能。所制备的硅丙乳液有机硅含量达12％，其与水泥和细砂集料混合均匀后形成的有机无机复合防水涂料对常用建筑材料粘接力强，形成的弹性胶膜吸水率低、防水性好、耐老化性高、产品性能稳定。     

Combustion characteristics of the direct injection diesel engine fuelled with corn oil methyl ester

Petroleum-based fuels is a finite resource that is rapidly depleting. Consequently, petroleum reserves are not sufficient enough to last many years. In this research, an experimental investigation has been performed to give insight into the potential of biodiesel as an alternative fuel for direct injection (DI) diesel engines. The experimental work has been carried out to estimate the combustion characteristics of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, DI diesel engine fuelled with corn oil methyl ester (COME) and diesel blends. The COME was preheated to temperatures namely 50°C, 70°C and 90°C before it was supplied to the engine. The optimised preheated temperature of 70°C was chosen based on the higher brake thermal efficiency and lower specific fuel consumption. The performance, emission and combustion characteristics are evaluated by running the engine with COME and diesel blends at this preheated temperature. In this paper, the combustion characteristics are only discussed. The combustion characteristics such as ignition delay, maximum rate of pressure, heat release rate, cumulative heat release rate, mass fraction burned and combustion duration of COME methyl ester and diesel were evaluated and compared with neat diesel. The rate of pressure rise and maximum combustion pressure inside the cylinder were high for COME blends compared with neat diesel. The heat release rate of diesel is higher compared with COME blends. The ignition delay and combustion duration are decreased for COME blends compared with neat diesel. The cumulative heat release rate and mass fraction burnt of COME blends are higher than neat diesel.     

含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液的合成及涂膜性能研究

采用核-壳乳液聚合法制备了含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液,讨论了含氟单体——甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFMA)用量、复合乳化剂体系用量、引发剂用量、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)用量、聚合反应温度、反应时间、搅拌速度对聚合反应最终单体转化率以及乳液聚合稳定性的影响;测试了涂膜的吸水率和乳液的黏度,以考察涂膜的耐水性。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对乳胶膜的组成和结构进行表征,结果表明,含氟单体HFMA通过接枝共聚反应与丙烯酸酯进行了有效的结合。     

丙烯酸偕二硝基丙酯与苯乙烯的共聚合及共聚物性质

丙烯酸偕二硝基丙酯(DNPA)与苯乙烯(St)在乙酸乙酯溶液中自由基共聚反应得到DNPA-St共聚物,利用红外光谱法测定了共聚物的组成,从而测得了丙烯酸偕二硝基丙酯与苯乙烯的竞聚率,采用FT-IR、1H NMR、DSC等方法研究了DNPA-St共聚物的结构和热性能.研究结果表明,用Fineman-Ross方法,求得丙烯...     

油脂环氧化装置火灾危险性及防火设计

针对油脂环氧化装置的工艺流程及火灾危险性进行分析.探讨了油脂环氧化装置的潜在事故风险与事故发展模式,针对反应釜爆炸的发展模式提出防火安全设计应注意的问题及适用于油脂环氧化装置的防火设计对策.     

丙烯酸酯树脂在排水性沥青路面铺装中的应用研究

以高性能聚氨酯丙烯酸酯作为防水粘结材料进行排水性沥青路面铺装,有效改善了传统沥青混凝土路面抗滑性差、排水功能欠佳带来的安全性问题及因积水、渗水导致防水粘结层失效造成的道路病害,解决了排水性路面的关键技术问题。通过对排水性沥青路面综合技术研究实现路面铺装高温160℃5 h无流淌,路表温度50℃不粘轮等技术要求,并实现防水粘结材料与沥青混凝土粘结强度为4.07MPa,与水泥混凝土粘结强度为4.51MPa,低温柔韧性可达-20℃,2.0MPa压力下24h不渗水,耐磨性优良,以上优异性能保证了其作为防水层材料的高效性。